Monday, March 16, 2020

Compare the Women’s Suffrage Movements of the United States and Great Britain for Their Effectiveness in Gaining Women the Right to Vote Essay Example

Compare the Women’s Suffrage Movements of the United States and Great Britain for Their Effectiveness in Gaining Women the Right to Vote Essay Example Compare the Women’s Suffrage Movements of the United States and Great Britain for Their Effectiveness in Gaining Women the Right to Vote Paper Compare the Women’s Suffrage Movements of the United States and Great Britain for Their Effectiveness in Gaining Women the Right to Vote Paper It is the turn of the century and more and more women in the United States and Great Britain were beginning to express their desires for the right to voice their opinions and cast their votes for who should govern and be in charge of their government. Switzerland had granted suffrage to women in 1971, while France, Germany, and Italy enfranchised women decades earlier (Abrams and Settle 292), and now it was time for the American and British women to join the suffrage movement as well. Thousands of women petitioned, lobbied, protested, demonstrated, and engaged in civil disobedience in order to gain their right to vote. Although the right to vote was referred to with different names (â€Å"suffrage† and â€Å"enfranchisement†), the movement had the same aims. Women in these countries were not being paid the same as men although they were doing the same work, there were laws discriminating against the female race, and women wanted to be heard. All of these reasons led to the notion of women to feel the need to have their voices heard in the government. The effectiveness of the movement and the success of the aims as a result of the women’s suffrage movement in America and Great Britain varied and will be discussed in this paper. The fight for the right to vote in America was referred to as the women’s suffrage movement, and it was led and organized by Elizabeth Cady Stanton, Lucretia Mott, and other â€Å"radical† female leaders. This movement was started in 1848 when the Convention of Seneca Falls was held in New York as the first women’s rights convention. At the Convention of Seneca Falls, Lucretia wrote a line in the Declaration of Sentiments calling for â€Å"the right [of women] to the elective franchise† (Winslow â€Å"Sisters†). The Civil War got in the way of the women’s suffrage movement for a couple years after it was initiated, but from 1976 to the turn of the century, women’s rights movements continued with campaigns, referendums, lobbying, etc. Because of this continuous, but delayed process, states such as Utah, Wyoming, and Colorado did grant women the right to vote, but it was a very gradual change. Also during this time, the National Women’s Suffrage Association (NWSA) pressed its claim for state and federal women’s suffrage amendments (Winslow â€Å"Sisters†). After 72 years of protest, lobbying, and fighting the women of the United States of America finally got the chance to vote by August 20 when 13 out of the 16 western states had already granted women full suffrage (McCammon and Campbell 55). Because the movement took so long to come into effect, some may argue that the movement was not as effective as the one in Great Britain, but it is true that it was definitely effective in the end. Of course it all worked out, because women finally got the chance to vote, and the 19th amendment only exists because of the women’s suffrage movement leaders and participants, but the aims of the movement were probably not achieved in the time frame desired. In Great Britain, the movement to gain women’s rights to vote was referred to as the enfranchisement movement. This movement began around 1866 when a group of leaders and reformers gathered around 1,500 women to sign a petition to send to Parliament asking for women’s rights to vote, it very similar to the Seneca Falls Convention (Winslow â€Å"Sisters†). There was a break in the movement from around 1807 to 1905, which is similar to the way the women’s suffrage movement in America had a break during the Civil War as well. During this time, nothing significant occured, and no one did anything extreme to gain the vote. The year of 1905 was when the enfranchisement movement started to actually make big gains. During this year, suffragettes made a break from sitting aside, and started using â€Å"militancy† and other violent techniques. The actions of British suffragettes involved blowing up mailboxes of government leaders, breaking windows, picketing, and harassment of anti-suffragist legislators. At first, the movement was not very effective because the suffragettes were seen as wild, uncontrollable women, and they were treated very roughly by the British patrol, but after the movement calmed down a little bit, and tactics used were less violent, public opinion was changed, and the government started to pay more attention to the suffragettes (â€Å"British†). The English women won limited suffrage in 1918, and in 1928, the majority of English women won the right to vote (Winslow â€Å"Sisters†). The women of the United States and of Great Britain used the many of the same tactics to gain the vote, but the women of Great Britain were much more radical. Even though the women of both countries had the same aim to gain suffrage and both countries had radical leaders of the movement that pushed the fight for the right to vote, their tactics varied in different ways. In both the U. S. nd in Great Britain suffragists used tactics such as boycotting, lobbying, protesting, and sending proposals and petitions to government leaders, but there are differences in the severity of each of the country’s groups’ tactics that led to a difference in the effectiveness of the movement. The women suffragists in America utilized civil disobedience, which was something not seen as much in Great Britain. Whereas the American suffragists were being civil and asking for suffrage in a somewhat polite manner, the suffragettes in Great Britain were utilizing mass militancy and violence. The actions of the women in Great Britain paralleled the tactics of those in America, but were extremely dangerous. The suffrage movement in America did take ten years longer than in Great Britain, so it can be said that the suffrage movement and tactics used in Great Britain were more effective than in the United States of America. Ultimately, both the suffrage movement in the United States and in Great Britain were successful, because without these movements, the women in the United States and Great Britain could possibly not have the right to vote to this day. The effectiveness of the suffrage movement in the U. S. and in Great Britain can be analyzed using their end result and the time it took for the aims to be succeeded. Although both movements were successful in achieving their aims, it took an extremely long time to do so. The United States had to withstand 72 years of protesting and campaigning in order to achieve their aims, while Great Britain had to go through around 62 years of even more extreme tactics. In conclusion, both movements were effective, but it can be said that these movements could have been even more so if they did not take so long to achieve their goals. Print Abrams, Burton, and Russell Settle. Womens Suffrage and the Growth of the Welfare State. Public Choice 100. 3/4 (1999): 289-300. Print. McCammon, Holly, and Karen Campbell. Winning the Vote in the West: The Political Successes of the Womens Suffrage Movements, 1866-1919. Gender and Society 15. 1 (2001): 55-82. Print. Online Winslow, Barbara. Sisters of Suffrage: British and American Women Fight for the Vote. The Gilder Lehrman Institute of American History. N. p. , n. d. Web. 27 Sept. 2012. . British Suffrage Movement. Edenbridge Town Ethics. N. p. , n. d. Web. 27 Sept. 2012. .

Friday, February 28, 2020

Motivation & Communication of Leadership Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Motivation & Communication of Leadership - Essay Example Some of the strategies are having vision and quick victories, setting personal examples, instilling optimism and self-confidence among others. Lastly, leadership is applicable in any situation because of its tremendous contribution in motivating followers and offering a communication channel (Charteris-Black, 2006). Hence, the role of leadership is applicable in nearly every place since it determines the success of an operation as well as the progress. Similarly, leadership can intervene in situations where followers are deviating from the course by giving direction and defining parameters (Draft, 2014). Motivation and communication topic is very essential because it informs the scholars and the public the importance of leadership. It helps in defining some of the roles people might not know as well as the importance of providing leadership through motivation and communication. More so, the topic is important in preparing students to become better leaders capable of meeting their

Wednesday, February 12, 2020

Carters Bakery Business Report Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Carters Bakery Business Report - Essay Example Hill (2005) describes operations management as â€Å"the field of study that focuses on the effective planning, scheduling, use and control of a manufacturing or service organization through the study of concepts that affects the organization†. (Hill, 2005) This business report presents an analytical analysis of Carter’s bakery business in terms in production, management and selling. The report will look at the areas that should be improved in the business. Operations management is very important in any business organization. The main aim of undertaking operation management should be to increase productivity, reduce costs of productions, and enhance flexibility to match customer requirements and at the same time improve quality and customer care services. (Ruffini, et al, 2000) As business organizations formulates plans and ways of dealing with the business opportunities and daily challenges that come up within the business environment, it is important that the business formulates a system which is able to produce quality services and products in required amounts and within the required time frame. In relation to Carter bakery, the operations were not well formulated and market research carried out was not enough to give them enough information about the market. Designing the business system starts with developing product. Development of a product entails determining the features and characteristics of a good product to be sold. When designing a product it is important that the customer needs should be incorporated in the designing process. The facilities and tools which will be used in product production are in this category. Also information system that is required in monitoring and controlling the performance of the product are included in this stage of designing. As Slack et al, (2007) points out manufacturing process of a business or a company are integral part of the designing process and will determine the failure or the success of the business

Friday, January 31, 2020

Education and Learning Theory Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Education and Learning Theory - Essay Example The three learning theories discussed include a number of conceptual differences with regard to preparing instructional multimedia design. In terms of explaining mental activities, Behaviourism is associated with the body while Cognitivism is related to the mind. Cognitive notions include schema or knowledge structures in learning processes, which do not find any behavioural equivalent. In Behaviourism, the instructor designs the learning environment. Cognitive approach involves the instructor in structuring problem solving activities with group learning strategies. In case of Constructivism, the instructor focuses on peer interaction through which, learners can develop their knowledge on known concepts. In Behaviourism, the learner remains passive; in Cognitivism, he learns to process, store and retrieve information for future use. The proposed project on Production of a Visual Basic Tutor intends to include the learning theories of Behaviourism, Cognitivism and Constructivism while preparing the instructional multimedia design. A systematic instructional design should include all the three theories that will help analyse learners, make objectives for the course, set the instructional preferences and assess student performance. Student interaction with teachers, course materials, and among themselves is an essential requirement in a learning situation. It is the main objectivity of the instructional design to analyse learners and provide them with required knowledge by creating a problem solving situation.

Thursday, January 23, 2020

The Effect of Social Organization on Everyday Life and Health Essay

The Effect of Social Organization on Everyday Life and Health Most people do not think about their health or issues revolving around their health until they are actually ill or people think that their health is only affected by biological factors. However, our health should be a focus in our lives because our daily life has an affect on our health. Illness does not only have biological causes but is also influenced by social factors such as the socially imposed roles of gender and socioeconomic differences. Before the affect of gender on health can be discussed, the difference between gender and sex must first defined. Sex refers to actual physiological and hormonal differences between men and women; gender refers to the differences that are imposed by society. Statistics have shown that women have higher rates of morbidity but men have shorter life spans. This means that although women live longer than men, those years are not healthy years but rather are filled with illness. This cannot be completely explained by biological causes but the affect of social factors must be taken into account. There are two types of gender difference disease: completely biological and biological amplified by social. Examples of completely biological diseases would include ovarian cancer, osteoporosis, breast cancer, and cervical cancer for women and prostrate cancer and testicular cancer for men. These diseases can only be had by members of a certain sex due to specific biological factors such as only women having ovaries therefore are able to have ovarian cancer whereas men have no ovaries and cannot get ovarian cancer. The other class of gender difference diseases is disease with biological causes but amplified by social factors. Examples... ..., those in a lower socioeconomic status have higher incidences of diseases aggravated by stress such as cardiovascular disease and high blood pressure. This added stress also leads to negative health behaviors such as smoking, alcohol abuse, and drug abuse all of which have adverse affects on health. These various stressors of everyday life caused by gender differences and differences in socioeconomic status can have a more profound affect than they seem. Bibliography: Rieker, Patricia P. and Chloe E. Bird. "Sociological Explanations of Gender Differences In Mental and Physical Health." Handbook of Medical Sociology. Ed. Chloe E. Bird, et al. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey: Prentice, 2000. 98-113. Weiss, Gregory L. and Lynne E. Lonnquist. The Sociology of Health, Healing, and Illness. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey: Prentice, 2000.

Wednesday, January 15, 2020

Characters in Mayor of Casterbridge and Frankenstein Essay

I am going to use Aristotle’s definition of a tragic hero in order to ascertain whether the main characters in Mayor of character of Michael Henchard as a tragic hero as he adopts fatal flaws which result in an eventual downfall. He then recognises his faults and inspires pity from the reader. This novel was first Casterbridge and Frankenstein can be viewed as tragic heroes. Hardy presents the published on the 2nd January 1886. To date, his fictional writing had received mixed reviews but this particular novel was well received by his contemporaries and critics alike and given high marks. In Hardy’s autobiography it states, â€Å"Others thought better of it than he did himself.† Mary Shelley’s fictional novel, Frankenstein was first published in 1818. In this novel I have focused Victor Frankenstein, the main character, and have studied him thoroughly throughout the events in the novel. There is an ongoing and controversial debate as to who actually is the tragic hero of the novel as both Victor Frankenstein and the monster both qualify. In this essay, I will discuss this view and indicate who I believe to be the tragic hero. The first element I will look at is Harmartia which is Greek, meaning fatal or tragic flaw of judgement. In the novel, Henchard makes many fatal flaws which, in turn, causes the occurrence of other tragic events. I will concentrate on his first flaw which we come across right at the beginning of the novel. Henchard actually sells his own wife and infant daughter at a furmity tent while he is in a totally drunken state despite being disapproved of alcohol consumption by his wife. His flaws in being disobedient and inconsiderate are completely evident when he shouts, â€Å"Will anybody buy her?† This not only humiliates Susan, his wife, but also shows us a very bitter side to his character which is most definitely flawed. According to Samuel Pyeatt Menefee, â€Å"Contemporary critics who could not believe, apparently, that such transactions had ever occurred on English soil in the nineteenth century.† Hardy surprises the audience as well as the critics with the use of thi s plot device and gives the audience something to look forward to later in the novel. The flaw of consuming alcohol itself is a tragic flaw as it leads him to insult and blame his wife during her presence and makes drastic decisions. Hardy also describes Henchard as a â€Å"women-hater† which shows us that he has little respect for the opposite sex and thinks that they limit his opportunities of being successful. This is also corresponds to what happened at the furmity tent with his wife and shows his attitude clearly towards women. From this we can see that extreme hatred is definitely one of his flaws.   In Mary Shelley’s Frankenstein, Victor Frankenstein is considered to be a tragic hero as he fits in the mould of Aristotle’s definition of a tragic hero. Frankenstein’s tragic flaw is that he is overpowered by his ambitions and aspirations which drives him to create the monster. This is highly evident when he says, â€Å"when I am glowing with the enthusiasm of success, there will be none to participate my joy.† This shows how he is driven by success and ambition and shows that his creation means everything to him. Critique, Anne K Mellor states â€Å"Frankenstein has clear ly substituted his scientific research for normal emotional interactions† in her thesis (Mary Shelley: Her Life, Her Fictions, Her Monsters (1988). This not only supports the fact that Frankenstein has flaws but also introduces the fresh idea of ignorance in Frankenstein which could be a potential and hidden tragic flaw. He also attempts to play god and mess with the beauty of nature which results in something extremely ugly. This is explored through after creating the monster, Frankenstein is unable to face the consequences of his own scientific actions and rejects the monster. It is evident that Frankenstein was only concerned about the outer beauty and we see this when he says â€Å"breathless horror and disgust filled my heart.† This expresses his emotions towards his own creation and highlights his error of judgement which proves that Frankenstein himself had flaws. Peripeteia is a Greek element which involves a tragic downfall of character. As we have already established, Henchard has many flaws which start a chain of downfalls for him in the novel. The first fall he experiences is when he loses Donald Farfrae as both a manager and a friend. This impacts on Henchard’s business greatly as Farfrae is a great asset to the business as a result of his rational decision-making. Due to Henchard’s flaw of jealousy, he loses Farfrae in both of these capacities. Henchard then proceeds to make very bad business decisions which result in bankruptcy and the eventual loss of the business. Just as we believe that he has nothing left to lose, we are surprised when his secret is revealed in court by the furmity women. The secret, of selling his wife and daughter, is now revealed. This then effects Henchard further as he loses his house, his position as Mayor of Casterbridge and loses his reputation within the community. Eventually, we see Henchard depicted as a beggar during the Royal’s visit and is described as wea ring â€Å"fretted and weather-beaten garments of bygone years†. This description contrasts greatly with Hardy’s earlier description of Henchard’s clothing when he first becomes Mayor of Casterbridge. This contrast shows exactly how much of a downfall he has suffered. In comparison, Frankenstein also has downfalls which are caused by his own actions. Frankenstein suffers emotionally when he loses his wife Elizabeth and his friend Clerval as the monster kills them both which in turn, kills his own happiness. He expresses his â€Å"Overflowing misery† and â€Å"Agony of despair† and this is an indication that he is suffering and the great pain he feels. The word â€Å"overflowing† also implies that the grief he is trying to endure can no longer be contained and that his misery is reaching insurmountable levels within him. The phrase â€Å"Agony of despair† also gives the impression that his tolerance towards his own unhappiness will be prolonged, permanent and everlasting. The third element I will look at is Anagnorisis which is Greek for recognition of fatal flaw of character. In mayor of Casterbridge, Henchard falls from a high social status to a low one but does become aware of his fatal flaws and wrong-doings to others. The first flaw he admits to is selling Susan in the furmity tent in front of a court of magistrates .This is apparent when he says in court â€Å"‘Tis as true as the light.† This quote shows how Henchard realises the mistake he made with Susan and surprises the reader with this truthful attitude. Here, we see him in a different light from the character we have witnessed and come to know. It also causes confusion for the reader as to why he actually told the truth at this point when he knows that it can remain concealed. Similarly, the element of realising own tragic flaws is present in Frankenstein but instead Frankenstein realises when it’s too late. After the death of several people, he realises that his own cr eation was a mistake and that he only deserves the same fate as those the monster had killed. He describes himself as being â€Å"Unfeeling, heartless creator!† This indicates that he regrets making the monster which contrasts with his attitude at the beginning when he is driven by excessive curiosity. Frankenstein also admits that he cannot play God through the quote â€Å"Fright must it be, for supremely frightful would be the effect of any human endeavor to mock the stupendous mechanism of the Creator of the world.† The quote is his own realization that he, in his arrogance had mocked God, because the only consequence that can be had by playing God is frightful. It is true to say that Victor Frankenstein realises that his own creation was a mistake and that, as a consequence, he too deserves the same fate as those his monster has killed. He describes himself as being â€Å"Unfeeling, heartless creator!† This indicates that he regrets making the monster which contrasts with his attitude at the beginning where he was wholly driven by excessive ambition and curiosity. However, Unlike Henchard, it is evident that Victor has learned little from the suffering he has caused. This lack of self-awareness is indicated before his death when he speaks of â€Å"Another† who â€Å"may succeed.† This implies that he doesn’t recognise his flaws completely. or fear by the character. Despite his bitter character portrayal, Hardy also tries to create an innocent side Catharsis is an element of the tragic hero which is evident in the character of Michael Henchard. This forth element is Greek and it means to inspire pity ewual amount of sympathy towards the character. We come across this when Henchard states, â€Å"Here and everywhere are folk dying before their time like frosted leaves, though wanted by the world, the country, and their own families, as badly as can be; while I, an outcast and an encumbrance, wanted by nobody, I live on, and can’t die if I try.† Henchard feels like an outcast; no one cares whether he lives or die s, and yet he â€Å"lives on.† He uses the simile of â€Å"frosted leaves† to describe people â€Å"dying before their time,† perhaps because people have as little control over their deaths as they do over the weather. Henchard mainly inspires pity towards the end of the novel when he dies and leaves a will behind for his daughter and Farfrae. In this will he expresses his feelings of regret and starts to show that he thinks of others before himself. This is evident in the will when it states â€Å"that no man remembers me.† This particular line in the will is the last line of all of his other wishes that are completely selfless and expresses the hatred towards himself. This inspires pity in the reader as we feel a great amount of sympathy for Henchard when he wishes that no one would know and commemorate him regardless of his death. Henchard’s final will and testament sums up the dissatisfaction of his life. He doesn’t want to be remembered or mourned; he doesn’t even want a grave marker. In Frankenstein, the character of victor Frankenstein doesn’t entirely create sympathy for himself as he is responsible for his own actions but there are other things that we might empathise with. Frankenstein’s character shows determination and works hard when trying to create the monster. This is evident when he states â€Å"I failed; yet still I clung on to the hope.† For obvious reasons, his hard work was not reflected which is apparent upon seeing the monster. We can somewhat relate to this as he worked so hard and spent much time on his creation but the desired results were not shown at the end. This is where we might feel sympathy for him. Overall, in my opinion I believe that both characters adopt the necessary characteristics in becoming a tragic hero as they both fit in the mould of Aristotle’s definition of a tragic hero. Both characters do have fatal flaws and make errors of judgement which cause them to suffer a downfall in society. The characters then recognise their flaws and realise the wrongs they have done and try to make amends. They also inspire pity or fear, but in these cases, I feel sympathy for both characters, particularly, Henchard as we see a drastic change in personality from the beginning to the end.

Tuesday, January 7, 2020

The Government And The Media - 2441 Words

Information introduced to the public is the key to a successful possession of any political leadership position. Those who control the information flow control the collective minds of the people. They control how much the public knows and, ultimately, how the public feels. The struggle for power through information in a democratic system mentioned before is a battle waged by two major contenders: the government and the media. Mass media can be defined as venues for messages that are created for consumption by a large number of audience members willing to listen. The media though out history has shown how each improved source of mass media output has changed the political ideas of the public. Democracy and media over the years have worked together for both the growth of candidates and the chaos of campaigns. The free speech and free press clauses given to us through the First Amendment to the United States Constitution have been interpreted as providing the same protection to sp eakers as to writers, except for wireless broadcasting which has been given less constitutional protection. The Free Press Clause protects the right of individuals to express themselves through publication and dissemination of information, ideas and opinions without interference, constraint or prosecution by the government. The Federal Communications Commission (FCC) regulates though laws to protect against libel, slander, and obscenity media behavior and the judiciary imposes limitations asShow MoreRelatedRole Of The Media And Government1570 Words   |  7 PagesIntroduction This assignment will analyse the role of the media and government in sports. Nowadays the media have playing a fundamental role in the sports. 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